Optimistic ISM

Prioritizing safety over liveness

The OptimisticISM encodes the optimistic verification security model pioneered by Optics and adopted by Synapse, Nomad, and Connext.

OptimisticISMs rely on a fraud window after message verification, during which m of n watchers configured on the OptimisticISM have an opportunity to flag messages as fraudulent, preventing them from being delivered to their recipient.

This security model prioritizes safety over liveness; the increased message latency allows for the addition of a second layer of security, the watchers, without significant increases in gas costs.

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